SWRO, MSF, and MED plants run on the most corrosion-aggressive fluid on earth β seawater. Every grade decision is a trade-off between chloride resistance, biofouling, pressure rating, and project cost. Copper Nickel, Super Duplex, and SS 316L are the workhorses. We stock them all and ship worldwide.
Desalination plants are not one specification. SWRO, MSF, and MED each have different pressure, temperature, and chloride profiles. Grade selection is system-specific.
Seawater Reverse Osmosis membranes operate at 60β80 bar with raw seawater. Super Duplex 2507 is the primary choice β PREN above 40 resists chloride pitting at elevated pressure. Used for high-pressure pump manifolds, pressure exchanger piping, brine discharge headers, and concentrate lines.
CuNi 90/10 is the proven standard for open seawater systems in both SWRO and MSF plants. Natural biofouling resistance eliminates chemical treatment in intake piping, travelling screens, and heat rejection cooling circuits. Used for intake headers, screen washing, once-through cooling, and beach-well piping.
Multi-Stage Flash and Multi-Effect Distillation plants operate at lower pressures but with concentrated brine at high temperature. SS 317L (higher Mo content than 316L) is preferred for brine heater piping and flash chamber connections. Duplex 2205 for brine recirculation lines with chloride concentration above 50,000 ppm.
Post-membrane and post-distillation product water is low-chloride and low-salinity. SS 304L is acceptable for product water storage and distribution piping. SS 316L is preferred where residual chlorine disinfection is used. Both grades are standard for remineralisation, chemical dosing, and distribution headers.
Pressure exchangers (isobaric ERDs) and high-pressure pumps in SWRO plants require materials that combine high strength with corrosion resistance. Duplex 2205 for inter-stage pump suction/discharge where pressures are moderate. Super Duplex for high-pressure pump discharge and ERD connections at full 80 bar.
CuNi 70/30 (higher Ni content) is used in MSF plant heat exchanger piping where temperatures exceed 90Β°C. For ultra-high-chloride reject streams or plants using treated wastewater feed, Titanium Grade 2 fittings provide complete immunity to chloride stress corrosion cracking.
| Grade | ASTM Spec | PREN | Typical Application in Desalination | Plant Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Super Duplex S32750 | ASTM A815 | 43+ | HP pump manifolds, ERD piping, brine headers | SWRO |
| Duplex S31803 / 2205 | ASTM A815 | 34β36 | Brine recirculation, inter-stage piping | SWRO, MED |
| Copper Nickel 90/10 | ASTM B466 | β | Seawater intake, cooling systems, beach wells | SWRO, MSF, MED |
| Copper Nickel 70/30 | ASTM B466 | β | Heat exchangers, high-temperature seawater | MSF, MED |
| SS 317L | ASTM A403 | 28 | Brine heater piping, flash chamber connections | MSF |
| SS 316L | ASTM A403 | 24 | Product water, remineralisation, distribution | SWRO, MSF, MED |
The world's largest desalination capacity is concentrated in Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, and Oman β and we have been supplying these markets since 2011.
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